Bayesian Segmentation in Signal with Multiplicative Noise Using Reversible Jump MCMC

This paper proposes the important issues in signal segmentation. The signal is disturbed by multiplicative noise where the number of segments is unknown. A Bayesian approach is proposed to estimate the parameter. The parameter includes the number of segments, the location of the segment, and the amplitude. The posterior distribution for the parameter does not have a simple equation so that the Bayes estimator is not easily determined. Reversible Jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is adopted to overcome the problem. The Reversible Jump MCMC method creates a Markov chain whose distribution is close to the posterior distribution. The performance of the algorithm is shown by simulation data. The result of this simulation shows that the algorithm works well. As an application, the algorithm is used to segment a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) signal. The advantage of this method is that the number of segments, the position of the segment change, and the amplitude are estimated simultaneously

Hierarchical Bayesian of ARMA Models Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm

When the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model is fitted with real data, the actual value of the model order and the model parameter are often unknown. The goal of this paper is to find an estimator for the model order and the model parameter based on the data. In this paper, the model order identification and model parameter estimation is given in a hierarchical Bayesian framework. In this framework, the model order and model parameter are assumed to have prior distribution, which summarizes all the information available about the process. All the information about the characteristics of the model order and the model parameter are expressed in the posterior distribution. Probability determination of the model order and the model parameter requires the integration of the posterior distribution resulting. It is an operation which is very difficult to be solved analytically. Here the Simuated Annealing Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm was developed to compute the required integration over the posterior distribution simulation. Methods developed are evaluated in simulation studies in a number of set of synthetic data and real data

Extraction of indium-tin oxide from end-of-life LCD panels using ultrasound assisted acid leaching

International audienceIn this report, indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-layer extraction from end-of-life (EOL) Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) was discussed by sulfuric acid leaching with simultaneous application of ultrasonication on the ITO-side of glass/ITO panels, exhibiting various dimensions. Applying this technique presents several advantages compared to the traditional leaching process such as fast and controllable kinetics, high extraction yield of indium and tin, selective recovery of these two metals possible, and the opportunity to recycle the neat glass separately avoiding additional separation processes. ITO-dissolution kinetics from EOL LCD panels were investigated as function of leaching time and acidity of sulfuric acid. At a temperature of 60°C, a nearly quantitative indium yield was obtained using an acid concentration of 18 mol/L by simultaneous application of ultrasonication, whereas only 70 % were recovered in the absence of ultrasound. Results from ICP-AES agreed well with SEM/BSE observations demonstrating the high efficiency of the ultrasound assisted process since only 3-4 min were required to obtain maximum ITO recovery

New French Road Traffic Noise predicting method

A new method for noise prediction on both aspects emission and propagation has been produced in France under the coordination of the Technical Department for Transport Road and Bridges (Setra - France). The previous emission values were produced in 1980. The new model splits emission sound power per meter and per vehicle into an energetic sum of two components: one component induced by rolling noise, and other one by the engine noise. The propagation calculation has been also revised in order to correct the overestimation of the sound pressure level. The changes slightly modify the computation without any additional difficulties for its numerical implementation

Estimation des parametres d'un processus ARMA par simulation MCMC a sauts reversibles

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 22522, issue : a.2002 n.13 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Late Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients The FRANCE-2 Registry

International audienceBACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has revolutionized management of high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, survival and the incidence of severe complications have been assessed in relatively small populations and/or with limited follow-up. OBJECTIVES This report details late clinical outcome and its determinants in the FRANCE-2 (FRench Aortic National CoreValve and Edwards) registry. METHODS The FRANCE-2 registry prospectively included all TAVRs performed in France. Follow-up was scheduled at 30 days, at 6 months, and annually from 1 to 5 years. Standardized VARC (Valve Academic Research Consortium) outcome definitions were used. RESULTS A total of 4,201 patients were enrolled between January 2010 and January 2012 in 34 centers. Approaches were transarterial (transfemoral 73%, transapical 18%, subclavian 6%, and transaortic or transcarotid 3%) or, in 18% of patients, transapical. Median follow-up was 3.8 years. Vital status was available for 97.2% of patients at 3 years. The 3-year all-cause mortality was 42.0% and cardiovascular mortality was 17.5%. In a multivariate model, predictors of 3-year all-cause mortality were male sex (p = 2 of 4 (p < 0.001). Severe events according to VARC criteria occurred mainly during the first month and subsequently in < 2% of patients/year. Mean gradient, valve area, and residual aortic regurgitation were stable during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The FRANCE-2 registry represents the largest database available on late results of TAVR. Late mortality is largely related to noncardiac causes. Incidence rates of severe events are low after the first month. Valve performance remains stable over time. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 68: 1637-47) (C) 2016 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation

Registry of transcatheter aortic-valve implantation in high-risk patients.

International audienceBACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) is an emerging intervention for the treatment of high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis and coexisting illnesses. We report the results of a prospective multicenter study of the French national transcatheter aortic-valve implantation registry, FRANCE 2. METHODS: All TAVIs performed in France, as listed in the FRANCE 2 registry, were prospectively included in the study. The primary end point was death from any cause. RESULTS: A total of 3195 patients were enrolled between January 2010 and October 2011 at 34 centers. The mean (±SD) age was 82.7±7.2 years; 49% of the patients were women. All patients were highly symptomatic and were at high surgical risk for aortic-valve replacement. Edwards SAPIEN and Medtronic CoreValve devices were implanted in 66.9% and 33.1% of patients, respectively. Approaches were either transarterial (transfemoral, 74.6%; subclavian, 5.8%; and other, 1.8%) or transapical (17.8%). The procedural success rate was 96.9%. Rates of death at 30 days and 1 year were 9.7% and 24.0%, respectively. At 1 year, the incidence of stroke was 4.1%, and the incidence of periprosthetic aortic regurgitation was 64.5%. In a multivariate model, a higher logistic risk score on the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE), New York Heart Association functional class III or IV symptoms, the use of a transapical TAVI approach, and a higher amount of periprosthetic regurgitation were significantly associated with reduced survival. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective registry study reflected real-life TAVI experience in high-risk elderly patients with aortic stenosis, in whom TAVI appeared to be a reasonable option. (Funded by Edwards Lifesciences and Medtronic.)

Temporal Trends in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in France: FRANCE 2 to FRANCE TAVI

International audienceBackground - Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is standard therapy for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are at high surgical risk. However, national data regarding procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes over time are limited. Objectives - The aim of this study was to assess nationwide performance trends and clinical outcomes of TAVR during a 6-year period. Methods - TAVRs performed in 48 centers across France between January 2013 and December 2015 were prospectively included in the FRANCE TAVI (French Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) registry. Findings were further compared with those reported from the FRANCE 2 (French Aortic National CoreValve and Edwards 2) registry, which captured all TAVRs performed from January 2010 to January 2012 across 34 centers. Results - A total of 12,804 patients from FRANCE TAVI and 4,165 patients from FRANCE 2 were included in this analysis. The median age of patients was 84.6 years, and 49.7% were men. FRANCE TAVI participants were older but at lower surgical risk (median logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation [EuroSCORE]: 15.0% vs. 18.4%; p < 0.001). More than 80% of patients in FRANCE TAVI underwent transfemoral TAVR. Transesophageal echocardiography guidance decreased from 60.7% to 32.3% of cases, whereas more recent procedures were increasingly performed in hybrid operating rooms (15.8% vs. 35.7%). Rates of Valve Academic Research Consortium-defined device success increased from 95.3% in FRANCE 2 to 96.8% in FRANCE TAVI (p < 0.001). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were 4.4% and 5.4%, respectively, in FRANCE TAVI compared with 8.2% and 10.1%, respectively, in FRANCE 2 (p < 0.001 for both). Stroke and potentially life-threatening complications, such as annulus rupture or aortic dissection, remained stable over time, whereas rates of cardiac tamponade and pacemaker implantation significantly increased. Conclusions - The FRANCE TAVI registry provided reassuring data regarding trends in TAVR performance in an all-comers population on a national scale. Nonetheless, given that TAVR indications are likely to expand to patients at lower surgical risk, concerns remain regarding potentially life-threatening complications and pacemaker implantation. (Registry of Aortic Valve Bioprostheses Established by Catheter [FRANCE TAVI]; NCT01777828)